Students with Learning Disabilities and the Inclusive Classroom Essay

All teachers dream of the classroom filled with fifteen tranquil, enthusiastic students, all with their note books out and pencils prompt for note taking. This is the classroom where everyone works together, at the same pace, and without any interruptions or distractions. This is the ideal classroom setting. The only problem with this picture is that it does not exist. Students are all different. Kids all learn different ways, and at varying paces. Both Physical and Learning Disabilities can hinder a child’s learning speed and hold them back from the rest of the class. It can be very difficult to identify a child with a learning disability because students can often be misunderstood and labeled as unmotivated and lazy. These students are often ignored and not given enough individual attention, and therefore they experience difficulty and frustration all throughout their education. Teaching students with learning disabilities takes a knowledgeable and understanding teache r and often requires adaptation of the curriculum. The education of these students often needs so much â€Å"constant attention and fine tuning if they are to succeed,† (Mather, 3) that they hold the rest of the class back. It is these cases that students should seek an adaptive classroom program and individual attention to work on their problematic areas. The bottom line is these students cannot be allowed to fall through the cracks of our educational system. They need positive reinforcement and individual attention so that they are confident in class and productive when they do their work. The spectrum of learning disabilities is huge, and because there are so many varying degrees of these diseases all children respond differently to them. It take... ... Perceptions of a First-Year Teacher.† The Journal of Special Education. 33.2 (2001): 92-99.    Hardin, Brent and Hardin, Marie. â€Å"Into the Mainstream: Practical Strategies for Teaching in Inclusive Environments.† The Clearing House. 75.4 (2002): 175.    Mather, Nancy and Goldstein, Sam. Learning Disabilities and Challenging Behaviors. Paul H. Brooks Publishing Company, Baltimore, MD. 2001.    â€Å"Teaching Children with Attention Deficit Disorder.† Kid Source Online, www.kidsource.com/kidsource/content2/add.html (5 October 2003).    *Wallace, Gerald. Teaching Children with Learning Problems. Charles E. Merrill Publishing Co. Columbus, OH. 1973.    Wedell, Klaus. â€Å"All Teachers Should be teachers for Special Needs – But is it Possible?† British Journal of Special Education. 29.3 (2002): 151.    * Works used but not cited

Assess the main achievements of Détente Essay

Dà ©tente can be defined as a period of lessening or relaxation of tension between the two superpowers. It came about in 1963, with the signing of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and its main achievements had a noteworthy impact on international relations during this period. One achievement of dà ©tente, SALT (or the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty), signed in 1972, had the purpose of reducing the number of nuclear weapons of both sides. Its significance lies mainly with the Basic Principles Agreement, were both superpowers vowed to â€Å"do their utmost to avoid military confrontations†. This brought about improvements economically since trade was encouraged – and indeed, international trade increased significantly. However, this trade was in practice limited to grain supplies from the US. In addition, Nixon’s visitation to China in 1972 put the USSR on guard, as it was witnessing possible cooperation between its two adversaries – tension between the USSR and China was at a high. However, despite SALT’s limitations and an actual increase in tension between the USSR and China, it was a significant achievement for dà ©tente as the two superpowers were willing to cooperate regarding the arms race matter. Another major achievement was the Helsinki Agreement of 1975, a turnabout from the tense situation that existed between East and West when Stalin was in power. With this agreement, the US recognized the USSR’s territorial control of Eastern Europe, and the USSR agreed to respect human rights, such as the freedoms democracy advocated. It was a huge improvement considering the circumstances of the 1940-50s, where both sides attacked and retaliated through speeches, the formation of organizations (such as NATO and Cominform), and economic measures such as the Marshall Plan and Comecon. Thus the Helsinki Agreement was a high point in international relations. Mutual cooperation in many areas also resulted in easing of tensions. The two countries worked together with the research of heart disease and cancer, and the Soyuz and Apollo ships docked together in space missions. Again, it was a major improvement from the hostile situation of earlier years – both sides were willing to work together for a common cause, and was a significant achievement of dà ©tente. Although dà ©tente was a period of relaxing in tensions and increase stability between the two superpowers, many of the agreements established were very limited and not strictly adhered to. In addition, tension was high between the USSR and China. Further events would lead to the breakdown of dà ©tente, but its accomplishments were significant improvements from previous years and thus decidedly noteworthy.

All that Jazz workshop Diary Essay

Introduction On the 3rd of November 2009, we were treated to a professional performance of Faustus. Faustus follows the life of Lucifer, who gives away his soul to the devil for 24 years where he is given omniscience and omnipotence. He is given a servant called Mephistopheles, who listens to all his wishes and grants these wishes. However some of his most wanted thoughts were not fulfilled by Mephistopheles as they were against the devils thoughts, and then we find out that he is also the devils servant. The piece was segmented up into 4 parts, and these were changed when the devil changed the number on Lucifer’s shirt to replicate the passing of 6 years. We see Lucifer flit away his life as he makes silly choices as to what to do with his omniscience and omnipotence, and we see the regrets he has in the latter stages of the production. Via the help of angels he then tries to get rid of the contract and buy back his soul, but unfortunately that proves to be a fruitless attempt and he eventually has his soul taken away by the devil. The performance of this piece was not only interesting and engaging to watch, but also allowed to pick up some tips for our own acting and learnt a little bit more about the Brechtian way to act. The Skills Used In the Performance As previously highlighted, the performance was of a Brechtian style. The Brecht approach was to make the audience feel like they were actually in the theatre, and therefore making sure that they used unbelievable characters and would even come out of character to make sure that the audience were part of the performance. The audience could gage what was happening because of the use of placards, and these helped to tell the audience what was going to happen in the scene so they did not have to work this out and followed the story more easily. The three things that I will focus on will commence with gesture. In Brechtian this is named â€Å"gestus†, which means an exaggerated gesture. In this particular helped to enhance the characters and show which characters were played as the actors were all involved in multi-rolling. Another element I would like to make comment on is the communication to the audience. The communication was strong between the audience and the actors and even got the audience involved with some bits of the performance. This helped to believe that the performance was in the theatre and did not look into the story any more as their thoughts were fully on the performer and what he was doing. Finally there use of special awareness was good because they all used a template constantly, for example, the person speaking would be in the centre and forward, an entering person would go through the curtain, and the less dominant character would be stood or making an action on the back right of the stage. I feel these skills have given us a good idea of what we need to do in future to enhance our own dramatic levels. Why did the performers use the elements you specified in the previous point? The performers will have used several devices to make the performance what it was. The reason why the performers used gesture was because it helped to enhance the characters even more as I previously stated, an example would be when the character came out of the curtain and made his body into a L shape whilst maintaining full contact with the audience visually. This created a focal point for the viewers and made them concentrate on the character rather than the storyline itself. They used several bits of gesture in their performance to illustrate what they were doing such as moving their hands vertically up and down to enhance the verisimilitude of the performance. The second thing I focussed on is the communication to the audience. This is important because the audience determine how successful the performance is, and by keeping in constant contact they maintained that relationship, a good example of this was when they got someone out of the audience to play one of the characters. This was particularly effective as it made sure the audience felt like they were in the room and not the story. The final thing I focussed on is special awareness, and they used special awareness in that way to signify the new character had been brought into the piece and this helped the audience understand this and ensured there was no confusion regarding characters. The particular use of the Brechtian technique was really good as it encapsulated all the basics and used them very well; the gestus and the coming out of character were particularly effective because it kept the audience viewpoint clear and direct at the stage and not the storyline. How effective did you feel that these skills/techniques were in communicating ideas to the audience? I believe that the communication between the performers and the audience was the key to success for Faustus. They used a varied style of performing rather than being totally bog standard to make sure that the play stood out and was memorable to the audience. I feel the strongest component of the performance were the strong gestures, as these are key in both the play but also the whole Brechtian technique. Because the gestures were so strange and imaginative, the audience needed to see these because it highlighted the character. A failure to see this gesture may have meant that they miss which character is being performed, and therefore they lose the plot and just become uninterested. Again with the mixture of oddness and the 3 second holding of this pose meant that the audience were focused on this action and kept hold of the plot throughout. I also feel that looking at the play helped me to gain more experience of the Brechtian elements that made the play so successful, and in future I will hope to add these in to certain performances (where applicable) to enhance my performance.

Reviewing A Book On Child Victim Cases Social Work Essay Essay Example

Reviewing A Book On Child Victim Cases Social Work Essay Essay Example Reviewing A Book On Child Victim Cases Social Work Essay Essay Reviewing A Book On Child Victim Cases Social Work Essay Essay Child protection is an issue that has been debated in the past and soon. It has attracted a batch of media attending and guess over the old ages. In this essay I am traveling to concentrate on chapter 10 of the book Children as Victims edited by Peter Kennison and Anthony Goodman. The chapter is titled Understating the hazard to kids and immature people a constabulary response and was written by Chris Bourlet who was the Deputy OCU Commander in the Child maltreatment probe Command between 2002 and 2006 and held the kid protection and policy portfolio. He has experience with working with child protection and kid maltreatment groups and besides sat on their board. He was besides the staff officer to the manager of serious offense at the clip of Victoria s decease. He besides remains a member of the MPS Every Child Matters Programme Board stand foring Borough policing. His experiences have put him in a place to witness the alterations in pattern, reorganization and policy taking within kid protection in the MPS non merely from a strategic position and besides at Borough degree. Chris continues to work with the constabulary, he is presently borough commander.Having worked with the probe of kid maltreatment and protection instances, Bourlet has plentifulness of experience and cognition of how the constabulary work in forestalling offense so it s merely just that he decided to portion cognition. This publication was produced inlight of the Victoria Climbie` instance which was the chief ground why Every Child Matters was brought in to protect kids from injury. I will get down of by giving a sum-up of this chapter which was written with the purpose of raising consciousness of the challenges, battles and quandary which the constabulary face on an mundane footing when it comes to protecting kids. The writer s chief aim was to demo how the Metropolitan Police Service reacted to the errors made and the challenges it faced in larning from them. Bourlet ( 2008 ) discusses the alteration programme which was introduced by the MPS to cover with the mistakes in the system. In making so the MPS set out to professionalise the constabulary response by guaranting the bar and effectual probe of kid maltreatment in London. They have been many benefits which have resulted from the alteration programme. Bourlet ( 2008 ) explains how MPS realise that unlike an grownup victim, there is greater challenge for research workers when look intoing instances of child decease or kid maltreatment instances. However he farther explains that in visible radiation of that discovery the MPS made alterations by raising the criterions and position of probe in relation to child protection affairs given the troubles. An over-riding rule in this hard country was raising criterions with the purpose of increasing professionalism. Rather than instance work being taken on by whoever happened to hold answered the phone or be in the office at that clip alternatively casework is now allocated harmonizing to a given expression doing it easier to supervise criterions and guaranting instances are distributed more reasonably. I am traveling to place the errors and the recommendations made by the writer with respects to how the constabulary trade with kid protection and child deceases probes in their section in visible radiation of the unfavorable judgments made by the Laming study. This chapter was written for all the bureaus who work together to help the safe guarding of kids. It was besides written for future practicians who intend to work with Child protection for illustration societal workers, Policy shapers, wellness service, pupils, spiritual establishments, faculty members, research workers and anyone who is interested in larning about the wellbeing and safety of kids. Although a really enlightening piece work the author fails to specify some important information like for illustration kid maltreatment, kid protection, he assumes that the reader knows what this means which is sometimes non ever the instance. Bourlet ( 2008 ) in this chapter discusses the alterations that the ( MPS ) Metropolitan Police Service made in visible radiation of unfavorable judgments and mistakes made in child protection. He chiefly uses the Lord Laming enquiry on Victoria Climbie as an illustration to exemplify some weaknesss made and besides demo how the MPS used these weaknesss to turn to the unfavorable judgments made on the function the constabulary played in the physique up to the decease of this kid and besides other kids who had died before. Victoria s who was known as Anna which was non her existent name died on 25 February 2000 after hospital staff struggled to maintain her alive as a consequence of organ failure her decease was ineluctable. Victoria had been in contact with four London boroughs, two constabulary forces, two infirmaries, and a specialist kids s unit who failed to detect that Victoria was a kid in demand of protection. The Laming enquiry heard how a metropolitan constabulary officer ha d cancelled an assignment to inspect Victoria s place because of a fright of catching itchs. Again these are merely some of the countries that added to the exposure of weaknesss and mistakes at every degree ( www.victoria-climbie-inquiry.org.uk ) . However the chief aim of this chapter is to demo how the Metropolitan Police Service ( MPS ) reacted to the errors being made and besides the challenges they face in larning from those mistakes ( Bourlet, 2008 ) . The current processs and guidelines can be identified in the Working together to safeguard kids counsel ( 2006 ) which is an update of the 1999 counsel due to the alterations implemented in subdivision 11 of the Children Act 2004. The act emphasises interagency coaction and puts a responsibility of attention on professionals working within wellness, instruction and constabularies to safeguard the public assistance of kids. This was neer the function for the other professionals within the bureaus mentioned above ; it was the function of the societal worker. Therefore the societal worker became accountable when things went incorrectly as the societal worker had the duty to protect the kid. The new act brings about a shared duty hence taking the force per unit area off the social-worker. The Working Together ( 2006 ) guidelines highlight the procedure of how to and to whom suspected or existent kid maltreatment should be reported to. It goes on farther to specify different types of malt reatment. The constabulary holding been criticised for this had to re-organise its processs and methods that have rallied and regenerated kid protection staff to be less reactive and be more proactive in bend guaranting that bar is cardinal ( Bourlet, 2008 ) . The chief statement of the chapter is foregrounding the reactions the MPS made following the unfavorable judgments made in the Laming study. Bourlet ( 2008 ) shows that yes the MPS do do errors he illustrates this by foregrounding the primary aims of the policing sensing and bar of offense as stated by the Commissioners of the Metropolis Mayne and Rowan, in 1829, nevertheless Bourlet ( 2008 ) states that a public enquiry concluded that the MPS had failed a vulnerable kid and besides in its primary aims. Despite the crippling study praising the MPS for their probes after Victoria died. Clearly screening and proving that the MPS needed to do a alteration hence the debut of the alteration programme which was meant to turn to the failings highlighted by Lord Laming. The agony and decease of Victoria Climbie was a failure of the system and was inexcusable. Lack of communicating and recording in the laming enquiry was a common subject across a scope of angies including the constabulary. Bourlet ( 2008 ) states that the effectual support of kids and households can non be achieved by individual bureaus moving entirely. However it depends on a figure of bureaus working together hand in glove. He shows how easy it is for the constabulary can lose focal point of what the intercession is, who is involved and happening the right balance of working in partnership with societal workers, parents at the same clip with the kid in head. Some jobs at organizational degree for illustration are deficiency of preparation, experience and deficiency of systems to pull off referrals from other bureaus, and expertise all these besides contributed to the errors made by the MPS nevertheless the MPS made alterations which resulted in them being more proactive instead tha n being reactive. In decision this is a really enlightening piece of work which highlights the manner in which the constabulary has worked difficult to do a alteration for the better and guarantee that kids are protected in the future.. The subject clearly high spots all the countries that the constabulary made a alteration from policy doing to reshuffling within the MPS. In my sentiment this is a really good chapter and the writer has done good to advert that even with the alterations and new programmes in topographic point they is still room for betterment and that sometimes errors will be made nevertheless we will larn from them and seek to make better.

Purchasing Power Parity

Purchasing Power Parity Ever wondered why the value of 1 American dollar is different from 1 Euro? The economic theory of  purchasing power parity (PPP) will help you understand why different currencies have different purchasing powers and how exchange rates are set.   What Purchasing Power Parity Is The Dictionary of Economics  defines purchasing power parity  (PPP) as a theory which states that the exchange rate between one currency and another is in equilibrium when their domestic purchasing powers at that rate of exchange are equivalent. Example of 1 for 1 Exchange Rate How does inflation in 2 countries affect the exchange rates between the 2  countries? Using this definition of purchasing power parity, we can show the link between inflation and exchange rates. To illustrate the link, lets imagine 2 fictional countries: Mikeland and Coffeeville. Suppose that on January 1st, 2004, the prices for every good in each country is identical. Thus, a football that costs 20 Mikeland Dollars in Mikeland costs 20 Coffeeville Pesos in Coffeeville. If purchasing  power parity holds, then 1 Mikeland Dollar must be worth 1 Coffeeville Peso. Otherwise, there is the chance of making a risk-free profit by buying footballs in one market and selling in the other. So here PPP requires a 1 for 1 exchange rate. Example of Different Exchange Rates Now lets suppose Coffeyville has a 50% inflation rate whereas Mikeland has no inflation whatsoever. If the inflation in Coffeeville impacts every good equally, then the price of footballs in Coffeeville will be 30 Coffeeville Pesos on January 1, 2005. Since there is zero inflation in Mikeland, the price of footballs will still be 20 Mikeland Dollars on Jan 1, 2005. If purchasing power parity holds and one cannot make money from buying footballs in one country and selling them in the other, then 30 Coffeeville Pesos must now be worth 20 Mikeland Dollars. If 30 Pesos 20 Dollars, then 1.5 Pesos must equal 1 Dollar. Thus the Peso-to-Dollar exchange rate is 1.5, meaning that it costs 1.5 Coffeeville Pesos to purchase 1 Mikeland Dollar on foreign exchange markets. Rates of Inflation and Currency Value If 2 countries have different rates of inflation, then the relative prices of goods in the 2 countries, such as footballs, will change. The relative price of goods is linked to the exchange rate through the theory of purchasing  power parity. As illustrated,  PPP tells us that if a country has a relatively high inflation rate, then the value of its currency should decline.

5 African Amereican nurse leaders annoniated Biblography Annotated Bibliography

5 African Amereican nurse leaders annoniated Biblography - Annotated Bibliography Example Adah Belle Samuel Thoms was born in Virginia in 1870. She studied nursing in Lincoln Hospital and Home school of Nursing, where she graduated in 1905. She became the school’s acting director for almost two decades and was barred from officially becoming the director because of her skin color (Davis, 1999: p27). In her entire nursing career she advocated inclusion of African Americans into the American Red Cross. She also relentlessly agitated for equal opportunities, and was part of the group of nurses that set up the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses. Harriet Tubman worked as a nurse during the American civil war. She had immense knowledge of herbal medicine, which she used to treat soldiers who were wounded in sections of South Carolina. She used the herbs to cure many of small pox and dysentery, and at no point did she contract those diseases herself (Davis, 1999: p35). This made many people think that she was blessed by God. Hazel W. Johnson –Brown was another African American nurse who was turned down by a local hospital that insisted they would never employ a black person. In 1950, she graduated from Harlem Hospital School of Nursing. She then joined the American army. She had special surgical capabilities which enabled her to scale the army ranks, becoming the first ever black female brigadier general, heading over 7000 American army nurse corps. She was voted the army nurse of the year twice (Davis, 1999: p46-48). Lillian Holland Harvey was the dean of the Tuskegee University School of nursing for over three decades. During her tenure as the dean, she helped establish Alabama’s first degree in nursing, a program which enabled students acquire hands on hospital experience (Davis, 1999: p51-53). She was herself a registered nurse and an educationist who inspired many to further their education, and also made them learn how to balance career and family

Building Hisense brand equity through selected marketing programmes- A Thesis

Building Hisense brand equity through selected marketing programmes- A study on the relationship among brand equity, marketing mix elements and consumer respons - Thesis Example er to test the defined structural research framework and research hypotheses empirical research was conducted on the sample of Hisense consumers in Johannesburg, South Africa. The Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and the multiple regression statistical method with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS 11.0) are used to analyze the data. The concept of brand equity has received significant attention from both scientists and marketing practice, which resulted in a large number of articles and books on the subject (e.g. Aaker, 1991 and 1996; Aaker and Keller, 1990; Farquhar1990; Aaker and Biel, 1993; Keller, 1993; Agarwal and Rao, 1996; Yoo et al., 2000; Morgan, 2000; Rio, et al., 2001; Datta, 2003, Moore et al., 2002; Keller, 2003). The importance of brand equity consists of numerous benefits for companies that own brands. One of the benefits provided by high brand equity is the possibility of brand extension to other product categories. Generally, brand extension is defined as the use of an existing brand name for entry into a new product category (Aaker and Keller, 1990). When compared to new brand names, brand extensions have lower advertising costs and higher sales (Smith and Park, 1992). Successful brand extensions contribute to higher brand equity of the original brand (Dacin and Smith, 1994; Keller and Aaker, 1992); However, unsuccessful extensions may reduce the brand equity of the parent brand (Aaker, 1993; Loken and John, 1993). Aaker and Keller (1990) developed a model for consumer evaluation of brand extensions and a number of authors worked on generalization of this model (Barrett et al., 1999; Bottomley and Doyle, 1996; Sunde and Brodie, 1993). In addition, brand equity increases (1) willingness of consumers to pay premium prices, (2) possibility of brand licensing, (3) efficiency of marketing communication, (4) willingness of stores to collaborate and provide support, (5) elasticity of consumers to price reductions, and (6) inelasticity